TETANUS

 Hello everyone! How are you all? Today, I will blog on a very simple topic, which is Tetanus. So let us begin!!!

GENERAL INTRODUCTION:-

Tetanus is a serious bacterial infection. I will tell later in this blog which bacteria causes it. It can also be fatal if left untreated. It is caused by bacteria. It is also known as Lockjaw. Let us jump to causes!!

CAUSES:-

As I told you before, Tetanus is caused by the bacteria "Clostridium tetani." This bacterium produces a toxin that affects the brain and nervous system, leading to stiffness in the muscles. If Clostridium tetani spores are deposited in a wound, the neurotoxin interferes with nerves that control muscle movement. The infection can cause severe muscle spasms, serious breathing difficulties, and can ultimately be fatal. Although tetanus treatment exists, it is not uniformly effective. 

SYMPTOMS:-

• Jaw cramping
• Sudden, involuntary muscle tightening (muscle spasms) – often in the stomach
• Painful muscle stiffness all over the body
• Trouble swallowing
• Jerking or staring (seizures)
• Headache
• Fever and sweating
• Changes in blood pressure and fast heart rate.

HOW IS TETANUS TRANSMITTED IN A PERON'S BODY?

The spores can get into the body through broken skin, usually through injuries from contaminated objects. Tetanus bacteria are more likely to infect certain breaks in the skin.  These include:

• Wounds contaminated with dirt, poop (feces), or spit (saliva)
• Wounds caused by an object puncturing the skin (puncture wounds), like a nail or needle
• Burns
• Crush injuries
• Injuries with dead tissue

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTS:-

Doctors can diagnose tetanus by examining the patient and looking for certain signs and symptoms. There are no hospital lab tests that can confirm tetanus. Following are the disease for tetanus. 

Tetanus is a medical emergency requiring:

• Care in the hospital
• Immediate treatment with a medicine called human tetanus immune globulin (TIG)
• Aggressive wound care
• Drugs to control muscle spasms
• Antibiotics
• Tetanus vaccination

Depending on how serious the infection is, a machine to help you breathe may be required.

DISEASES THAT PROCEED TETANUS:-

Serious health problems that can happen because of tetanus include:

• Uncontrolled/involuntary tightening of the vocal cords (laryngospasm)
• Broken bones (fractures)
• Infections were gotten by a patient during a hospital visit (hospital-acquired infections)
• Blockage of the main artery of the lung or one of its branches by a blood clot that has traveled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream (pulmonary embolism)
• Pneumonia, a lung infection, that develops by breathing in foreign materials (aspiration pneumonia)
• Breathing difficulty, possibly leading to death (1 to 2 in 10 cases are fatal)

PREVALENCE:-

Tetanus became nationally reportable in 1947. Reported tetanus cases have declined more than 95%, and deaths from tetanus have declined more than 99% in the United States since 1947. Since 1947, the number of tetanus cases reported each year, which already had decreased greatly since 1900, continued to decline. This decline was in part because of the continued use of tetanus antitoxin for wound management and the introduction of tetanus vaccines in the 1930s and 1940s. The introduction of tetanus vaccines led to routinely vaccinating all children and the addition of tetanus boosters for adults. Sporadic cases of tetanus continue to occur in adults who did not get all the recommended tetanus vaccinations. This includes people who have never received a tetanus vaccine or adults who don’t stay up to date on their 10-year booster shots. Health departments report cases of tetanus to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. Public health officials conduct tetanus surveillance to monitor trends in incidence and identify populations at increased risk. Today, tetanus is uncommon in the United States, with an average of about 30 reported cases each year. Nearly all cases of tetanus are among people who did not get all the recommended tetanus vaccinations. Without treatment, tetanus can be fatal. Death is more common in young children and older adults. Roughly 11 percent of reported cases of tetanus have been fatal in recent years. This rate was higher in people who were older than 60 years, reaching 18 percent. In people who were unvaccinated, 22 percent of cases were fatal.

Well readers, so that was it. Hope you liked it and if any problems, feel free to ask in the comment section. Suggestions are also appreciated. Please share and follow my blog. I would write my next blog soon. Till then, bye!💗💗💗